心肌病简介
心肌病是一组影响心脏肌肉（心肌）的疾病，会引起心脏结构和功能的异常，使心脏泵血功能减弱，可能导致心力衰竭、心律失常及其他并发症。
Cardiomyopathy Introduction
Cardiomyopathy refers to a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle (myocardium), leading to structural and functional abnormalities. These conditions make it harder for the heart to pump blood effectively, which can result in heart failure, arrhythmias, or other complications.
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心肌病的类型
- 扩张型心肌病：心腔扩大，收缩功能减弱。
- 肥厚型心肌病：心肌异常肥厚，影响心脏泵血。
- 限制型心肌病：心肌变得僵硬，心脏充盈受限。
- 心律失常性右室心肌病：心肌被脂肪或纤维组织替代，常引起心律失常。
Types of Cardiomyopathy
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy (扩张型心肌病) – The heart chambers enlarge and the pumping function weakens.
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (肥厚型心肌病) – The heart muscle becomes abnormally thick, making it harder to pump blood.
- Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (限制型心肌病) – The heart muscle becomes stiff, limiting its ability to fill with blood. Arrhythmogenic
- Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC, 心律失常性右室心肌病) – Fatty or fibrous tissue replaces normal heart muscle, often leading to arrhythmias.
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心肌病治疗的中医视角
在中医理论中，心肌病并非单一疾病，而多归属于“心悸”“心痛”“心痹”等范畴。其主要病机涉及气虚、阳虚、血瘀与痰浊，导致心脉不畅、心主血脉之职失常，从而引发心功能障碍。
TCM Perspective on Cardiomyopathy
In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), cardiomyopathy is not seen as a single disease but is classified under conditions such as “Xin Ji” (心悸, palpitations), “Xin Tong” (心痛, chest pain), and “Xin Bi” (心痹, obstruction of the heart). The underlying pathogenesis involves Qi deficiency, Yang deficiency, Blood stasis, and Phlegm retention, which impair the Heart’s ability to govern blood and maintain normal circulation.
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常见证型包括：
- 心气虚：乏力、心悸、气短。
- 心阳虚：畏寒肢冷、胸闷刺痛、水肿。
- 血瘀阻络：胸痛固定、唇色紫暗、脉结代。
- 痰湿阻滞：胸闷沉重、心悸、痰多。
Common patterns include:
- Heart Qi Deficiency (心气虚) – fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath.
- Heart Yang Deficiency (心阳虚) – cold limbs, chest pain, edema.
- Blood Stasis (血瘀阻络) – fixed chest pain, purple lips, irregular pulse.
- Phlegm-Damp Retention (痰湿阻滞) – heaviness, chest oppression, palpitations.
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中医治疗的基本原则
中医治疗原则是 益气温阳、活血化瘀、化痰通络。
The principle of TCM treatment is to strengthen Qi, warm Yang, invigorate blood, resolve phlegm, and unblock the collaterals.
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